Addressing climate change in AFrica: Challenges and the way forward focus on Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning 

Africa’s terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems and their biodiversity are especially threatened. Ongoing loss of biodiversity in Africa is driven by a combination of human-induced factors (including poverty). The continent continues to experience deforestation and forest degradation at alarming rates. The negative impacts of climate change on species and ecosystems are exacerbating the effects of all these pressures.